Exegesis and Theology

Since I posted recently on the NIGTC set, I thought I’d put some comments up about the Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Overall I like this set. These commentaries are laid out nicely. The shaded section at the beginning of each pericope orients the reader to the flow of the passage. Often, after the verse by verse comments there is a shaded section that summarizes the pericope. These shaded sections help keep the commentary from becoming atomistic. I’m also very pleased that the Greek is printed in Greek font and not merely transliterated.

Here are my thoughts on the individual volumes.

Turner, Matthew – It’s nice to have a volume on Matthew by a Progressive Dispensationalist, especially in light of key eschatological passages like the Olivet Discourse. However, his comments seem exceedingly brief in many places. Perhaps I need to use Turner more, but right now I’m not sure this was the best purchase.

Stein, Mark – This may be a fine commentary, but I’ve not looked into it because I feel as though I have Mark well-covered between Edwards (PNTC), France (NIGTC), Cranfield, Hiebert, and Lane (NICNT). [Note: I just read the RBL Review of Stein’s work; it didn’t incline me toward purchase.]

Bock, Luke –Bock’s 2 volume work is massive. He defends the historicity of Luke and interacts with the Jesus seminar. He deals with the synoptic problem. He includes helpful text critical notes. The commentary proper provides verse-by-verse exegesis, and Bock often helpfully surveys and adjudicates various interpretations. He is not as helpful when it comes to tracing the flow of thought or literary themes of the passage in light of the rest of the book. Nor does this commentary consistently bring out the major theological themes of Luke. Joel Green’s NICNT contribution, though not as conservative as Bock, does a better job on those points. Nonetheless, Bock is invaluable and I’m glad I own these volumes.

Köstenberger, John –I like Köstenberger, and his commentary is not bad. But after reading Morris (NICNT), Carson (PNTC), and Ridderbos, I don’t sense that he is adding anything. He’s in many ways similar to Carson, but Carson packs more in. For this reason, I’ve not bought this volume.

Bock, Acts –This volume is okay. Once again it is light on literary approaches and theology. The notes are moderately helpful, but the lack of synthesis makes this commentary not all I was hoping it would be. Peterson’s contribution to the Pillar series looks to be a fine commentary on about the same level, and in addition to solidly explaining the text it is very strong on synthesis and theology. I prefer Peterson to Bock.

Schreiner, Romans – Douglas Moo has written the finest commentary on Romans (NICNT), but I’m also glad to own Schreiner’s Romans commentary. Schreiner does a good job of tracing Paul’s flow of thought and of explaining Paul’s meaning. Well worth owning. [Do note that in Paul, Apostle of God’s Glory in Christ, 205ff., Schreiner humbly corrects some of his interpretations in the Romans commentary]

Garland, 1 Corinthians – I’ve found every commentary by Garland to be helpful. More recent than Fee (NICNT) and more manageable than Thiselton (NIGTC), I’m very glad I own this volume.

Silva, Philippians – I’d rank commentaries on Philippians: Fee (NICNT), O’Brien (NIGTC), Silva (BECNT) [I’ve not looked at the recent PNTC contribution yet]. Silva does a good job showing how the book fits together. I’m glad to own this volume.

McCartney, James – This is newly out, and I hear good things about it. It’s on my look into getting list.

Jobes, 1 Peter – I’ve read good things about Jobes’ commentary, and I’ve found it moderately useful when I’ve used it. But I already have Schreiner (NAC), Grudem (TNTC), Hiebert, Achtemeier (Hermenia), Stibbs (TNTC), Davids (NICNT), and a number of older works. So I’ve not felt a Jobes necessary purchase. (I would rank Schreiner, Grudem and Achtemeier among the most helpful commentaries on 1 Peter. Achtemeier is liberal, but his comments on the Greek are helpful.)

Green, Gene,  Jude & 2 Peter – I’ve not spent a whole lot of time with this volume, but I’ve been impressed with what I’ve seen. But having Schreiner (NAC), Bauckham (WBC), Hiebert, and Michael Green (TNTC), this isn’t a priority purchase for me.

Yarbrough, 1-3 John – This looks to be an excellent commentary on the Johannine epistles. It looks as though between Yarbrough and Carson’s forthcoming NIGTC volume, these epistles will be well covered. This volume is high on my to-get list.

Osborne, Revelation – This is my favorite Revelation commentary. Osborne writes from a premillennial perspective and carefully exegetes the book. His section on the theology of Revelation is also very helpful.

A friend recently asked for my evaluation of the New International Greek Testament Commentary. Below is my reply. I hope it’s helpful.

John Nolland, Matthew – Every time I looked at this commentary, it seemed as though he was spending more time doing redaction criticism than actually explaining the text. I don’t own and I don’t plan to buy.

R. T. France, Mark – This is a good, detailed exegetical commentary on Mark (though take note of the preterist eschatology in the Olivet Discourse). I own it and find it helpful.

I. Howard Marshall, Luke – This is a decent Luke commentary, but I would rank Bock’s 2 volume BECNT and Green’s NICNT volume above it. I do own it and consult it, however.

Anthony Thiselton, 1 Corinthians – This is a massive commentary on 1 Corinthians. There’s so much that it’s a bit overwhelming. Fee (NICNT) and Garland (BECNT) are much more useful for studying large chunks (like chapters). But if you’re going to do some detailed exegesis, this volume will be helpful. I own.

Murray Harris, 2 Corinthians – This is a superb 2 Corinthians commentary. Worth having. I own it.

F. F. Bruce, Galatians – Like most of Bruce’s work, this is a solid commentary. I own it. But there are a number of newer commentaries on Galatians that are in the pipeline that, I think, will surpass this one. I think Carson and Moo are both working on Galatians commentaries for the PNTC and BECNT sets, respectively.

Peter T. O’Brien, Philippians – This is one of the best commentaries on Philippians. It’s a hard call between O’Brien and Fee (NICNT). This is worth having. I own.

George Knight, Pastoral Epistles – Knight is more conservative than some of these other contributors, but his volume is older and thinner. I wish I could recommend him, but I’d go for Mounce (WBC), Towner (NICNT), and Marshall (ICC) before Knight. I’ve found when I use these Knight doesn’t add anything. I don’t own and don’t plan to buy.

Paul Ellingworth, Hebrews – A detailed, helpful commentary, if a bit atomisitc. Still worth having. I own.

Peter Davids, James – I’m not a fan of Davids’ commentaries. I’d go for Moo (PNTC) and the new BECNT commentary on James by McCartney before getting this one. I don’t own and don’t plan to get.

Greg Beale, Revelation – This is the commentary on Revelation from an Amillennial perspective. I don’t own, and I’m debating on whether I need an Amill commentary on Revelation. Maybe, if I’m going to teach eschatology and won’t have a library with it nearby. But other than that, I’m not planning to get.

Mark has continued our dialogue about electronic resources over on his blog, making this round 4 in his scheme of posting.

Response to Mark’s Pros

Cost

The IVP Essential Reference Collection at $80 is a good deal. In fact, it’s a better deal than is currently available. But, the IVP Essential Reference Collection is also a stronger set than many offered; I’m not sure this is representative.

In my personal experience, I’ve never found an electronic set that comes ahead of what I’ve been able to get in print through used booksellers. Here’s how I compare prices. (1) I remove the books from the set that I’m not interested in. (2) I remove the books from that set that I already own. (3) I’d see what the used prices are for the remaining books. I then compare what I’d need to spend to get the books I want in hardback with the electronic pricing. After doing this, I typically find it cheaper to get physical copies of the books.

Part of the cost problem is that electronic books are almost always bought new. There are discounts available, but I typically find buying books used cheaper than buying electronic books new.

Another advantage to buying hard copies is the ability to piece together sets over time. This means that someone with a small book budget can slowly build a quality library.

Convenience

This is often a benefit. Yet there are also some convenience trade-offs. It’s far easier to browse a physical book. If I want to get an overview of a chapter before reading it, I find it easier to flip through a paper book than through an electronic book. I also find it easier to keep a physical book with me for spontaneous reading opportunities. I’m less likely to pull out my tablet for such things (though more likely than when I had a laptop). Of course, a Kindle would be as handy as a physical book for such opportunities.

Portability

This is certainly a benefit to electronic books. But it doesn’t make buying electronic books a no brainer. The pro of portability needs to be weighed against the cons. For a traveling evangelist the benefit of portability will probably outweigh the cons. For those not continually on the move, the cons are still significant.

Searchability

I typically do remember where to find things in what I read (an advantage of print media), but I’m not without the benefits of searchability. If I need to search a book I own, I can typically do so via Google Books.

Quality

I would dispute this point more strenuously than the others. I’m not convinced that buying the Gold package from Logos is the best way for a student to develop his library.

The Logos package is a huge mixed bag. Do I really want Weirsbe’s “Be Series"? No. Do I want the NAC and NIGTC sets? Some of the volumes from each. I’d advice younger ministerial students to start talking with grad students about what books to buy.

A student who carefully puts together a print library with the advice of professors and more advanced students is likely to have a library of more consistently quality than a student who relies on buying various software packages (though a student who wished to go electronic could also have a consistently good library by being selective on what he installs from each package).

Pros for Print Books / Cons for Electronic Books

Cost

I know Mark listed this as a benefit of electronic books, but in my experience, I’ve been able to procure print books at better prices than their electronic counterparts.

Technology

The technology of the codex is quite remarkable.

The data held within a codex is easily accessible. Unlike the scroll that preceded it, the codex is easily scanned, and the reader can move easily from one part of the codex to another. It’s much more difficult to flip though the pages in a Kindle. Even in Logos, unless one is using a large screen, it is difficult to do an initial scan of a chapter.

The codex form factor is optimally designed for reading. The form factor of a laptop (let alone a desktop) isn’t optimal for long reading. The form factor of a tablet is better, though tablets are still a good deal heavier than most codices. Many people have found it far easier to read from the printed page rather than from a typical monitor.

The codex is portable. True, a library of codices are not portable. But a codex (presuming it’s not a large reference work) can be carried almost anywhere. A laptop or tablet isn’t as portable. They’re typically bulkier and heavier. I do acknowledge, however, that a Kindle does maintain the same portability as a codex (and more, since multiple books can be carried on a Kindle).

The codex works well with at least some people’s methods of personal data retrieval. Often I can scan over the books on my bookshelves, recall which book has the information I need, and find that information based on the place in the book (something to do with the thickness of pages on each side of the spread) and the location on the page.

I much prefer this method of data recovery, which involves actually reading and remembering to the acquiring to what may amount mining an electronic database that is rarely actually read. If electronic books are often searched but rarely actually read in their entirety, then the shift from print to electronic media will be pernicious. Some forms of electronic books would be more prone to this than others. For instance, the Kindle is designed for people to read rather than to mine books.

Electronic books have made some great advances, and the various electronic platforms each have various benefits over each other and over the printed book. Nonetheless, the codex is an amazing technological achievement that should not be underappreciated.

Standards

One of the primary reasons I haven’t invested in an electronic library is the lack of standards. A long time ago it looked as thought the STEP format which was interoperable between programs like WordSearch and QuickVerse would be a safe bet because a number of Bible programs were using the same format. Logos now dominates the market. But who will dominate the market in 50 years? In the broader electronic book market, is the Kindle going to dominate? Will that format remain proprietary to Amazon? Will Epub become the standard e-book format? Or will a something else become standard? What happens to books when the software or device used to read them ceases to be developed? Until the standards issue is sorted out, I’m not convinced that I ought to spend thousands of dollars for electronic books.

My friend Mark Ward has proposed that we enter into a discussion of electronic resources. You can see his initial post at βλογάπη.

In our personal discussions, Mark tends to favor electronic resources, and I tend to favor print resources.

This is evident in the amount we’ve chosen to invest in electronic resources. Mark estimates that he’s spend around $3,602 on electronic resources. The only electronic resources I’ve purchased are BibleWorks (version 4, 6, & 7; with the Wallace add-on), the ESV for Libronix, and the Theological Journal Library for Libronix.

This is not to say I’m entirely opposed to electronic resources. I’ve accumulated quite a number of electronic resources for free. There are a number of reasons, however, that I’ve avoided purchasing electronic resources.

I’ll speak of those reasons in future posts, but for now I simply note some of the electronic resources that I’ve accumulated. In addition to collecting a several of the free modules available for BibleWorks, I’ve collected a number of books and articles from around the internet. Below are the electronic books and articles currently listed in my Zotero library.

[snip – the point was that there are a lot of free electronic resources worth gathering]